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tegwick d4a85ec04c Add commercial identity research corpus and binding concepts

Record deep research on commercial identity coupling across theory, law,
regulation, and software (KYC, LEI, DUNS, eIDAS, CRM). Introduce Commercial
Commitment, Legal Person, and Beneficial Owner to the canon model and document
the fluid-to-bound identity gradient in the conceptual model.

2026-06-21 20:53:18 +02:00

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eIDAS and EUDI Wallet for Legal Persons

Source Type

Regulatory framework and industry analysis. EU eIDAS Regulation, eIDAS 2.0 / EUDI Wallet, European Business Wallet (organizational wallet) initiatives.

Domain

EU digital identity, qualified trust services, legal person credentials, and cross-border commercial trust.

Why This Source Matters

eIDAS bridges legal identity and commercial trust at EU scale: electronic signatures, seals, timestamps, and (via EUDI) wallets for natural and legal persons carrying verifiable credentials for B2B and B2G exchange.

Key Concepts

eIDAS: EU regulation for electronic identification and trust services.
eID (electronic identification): national schemes with mutual recognition.
Qualified trust services: legally recognized signatures, seals, timestamps, etc.
Electronic seal: legal-entity counterpart to personal e-signature.
EUDI Wallet: European Digital Identity Wallet for citizens (eIDAS 2.0).
Organizational / legal person wallet: extension for companies (EUBW discourse).
Verifiable credential (EU context): credentials in wallet (licenses, compliance certs).
Transient trust: real-time verified trust between unknown parties via credentials.
KYB/KYS: Know Your Business / Supplier via registry-sourced credentials.
Delegation of rights: organizational members present credentials on behalf of legal person.
Authorization chains: parent-subsidiary credential issuance hierarchies.

Relevant Terminology

Term	Source meaning
eIDAS	EU trust framework regulation.
Qualified signature/seal	Highest assurance trust service.
Legal person	Company or organization under law.
EUDI Wallet	EU digital identity wallet.
Organizational wallet	Wallet for legal person credentials.
Electronic seal	Entity-level signing mechanism.
Trust service provider	TSP issuing qualified services.
Verifiable credential	Attested claim in wallet.

Modeling Assumptions

Natural person and legal person wallets differ materially — org wallets need delegation, hierarchy, API integration, higher volume.
Legal person acts through representatives with scoped credentials (aligns with agency law).
Qualified services carry legal equivalence to paper in EU cross-border context.
Registry-sourced credentials (e.g., company register) anchor commercial identity to authority.
Commercial binding increases when seals/signatures and compliance credentials are used.
Citizen wallet stack cannot be naively copied for organizational use cases.

Identity-Canon Implications

Legal person wallet maps to Organization/Legal Entity + Commercial Record + Credential (qualified seal) + Claim set.
Representative presenting org credential maps to Representation Relationship with scoped Delegation.
Registry-issued credential maps to Claim with government Evidence Source.
Transient trust maps to Trust Relationship established at transaction time with VC/qualified credential evidence.
Supports user thesis: commercial credentials make identity relevant and durable to counterparties across borders.
Pairwise/pseudonymous identity insufficient for qualified seal; commercial binding requires legal person resolution.

Terminology Conflicts

Legal person (civil law) vs. Legal Entity (canon): legal person includes natural persons.
Digital identity (eIDAS) vs. Identity Record: assured ID vs. directory record.
Trust service vs. Trust Relationship: regulatory service vs. canon relationship.

Candidate Canonical Mappings

eIDAS/EUDI concept	Candidate canonical concept
Legal person	Organization / Legal Entity
Organizational wallet	Commercial Record + Credential store (Scope)
Electronic seal	Credential (entity signing)
Qualified certificate	Credential + Assurance Level
Member presenter	Natural Person + Representation
Registry credential	Claim + authoritative Evidence Source
KYB/KYS process	Commercial Relationship onboarding
Authorization chain	Delegation + org hierarchy Relationships

Open Questions

Should qualified electronic seal be Credential subtype tied to Legal Entity only?
How should EUDI organizational wallet Scope relate to Tenant vs. Commercial Record?

References

EU eIDAS Regulation — https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/eidas-regulation
EU EUDI Regulation — https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/eudi-regulation
Spherity, EUDI Wallet for legal persons — https://www.spherity.com/post/the-european-busienss-wallet-eubw-and-legal-person-identity-redefining-trust-in-the-eu-s-digital

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