infospace: process book-4-chapter-01

Extract entities, map to VSM, and synthesize analysis.

examples/infospace-with-history/output/entities/balance-of-trade.md

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+<!-- generated: provider=openrouter model=arcee-ai/trinity-large-preview:free date=2026-02-19 source=book-4-chapter-01 -->
+
+# Balance of Trade
+
+## Definition
+
+The difference between the value of a nation's exports and imports over a given period. Under the mercantile system, a favourable balance (exports exceeding imports) was believed to increase national wealth by bringing more gold and silver into the country, while an unfavourable balance was thought to drain wealth away.
+
+## Source Chapter
+
+Book IV, Chapter 1
+
+## Context
+
+Smith critiques the mercantile obsession with the balance of trade, showing how merchants and governments wrongly believed that a country's prosperity depended on maintaining a favourable balance. He demonstrates that this focus on precious metals rather than actual production and consumption led to misguided policies like export bounties and import restrictions.
+
+## Economic Domain
+
+Exchange
+
+---