feat(llm): add LLM integration module with OpenRouter and Claude Code adapters

Implements markitect/llm/ package with concrete LLMAdapter implementations:
- OpenRouterAdapter: HTTP via urllib with retry/backoff on 429/5xx
- ClaudeCodeAdapter: subprocess-based Claude CLI with stdin piping
- Factory pattern: create_adapter("openrouter") or create_adapter("claude-code")
- API key resolution chain: constructor > env var > project-root key file
- 42 unit tests, 2 integration tests (gated on API key / CLI availability)

Also adds the infospace-with-history example with Wealth of Nations VSM
analysis pipeline, templates, schemas, source chapters, and processed
output for chapters 1-2. process_chapters.py now supports --provider
and --model flags for automatic LLM-driven processing.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

examples/infospace-with-history/artifacts/guidelines/extraction-rules.md

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+---
+id: extraction-rules
+name: extraction_rules
+artifact_type: content
+description: Guidelines for extracting economic entities from source text
+version: 1.0.0
+---
+
+# Entity Extraction Rules
+
+## What Constitutes an Entity
+
+An economic entity is a distinct concept, actor, mechanism, or institution
+that plays a functional role in Adam Smith's economic analysis. Extract
+entities at the level of specificity where they carry independent meaning.
+
+## Extraction Criteria
+
+1. **Concepts**: Abstract economic ideas (e.g., "division of labour",
+   "effectual demand", "natural price"). Extract when Smith defines,
+   explains, or argues about the concept.
+
+2. **Actors**: Economic agents with defined roles (e.g., "the labourer",
+   "the merchant", "the sovereign"). Extract when the actor performs
+   a distinct economic function.
+
+3. **Mechanisms**: Processes or dynamics that produce economic effects
+   (e.g., "accumulation of stock", "market price adjustment",
+   "foreign trade"). Extract when the mechanism is described as
+   producing specific outcomes.
+
+4. **Institutions**: Organised structures that shape economic behaviour
+   (e.g., "the corporation", "the guild", "the joint-stock company").
+   Extract when the institution's economic function is described.
+
+## Granularity Rules
+
+- Extract at the level of a single coherent concept.
+- Do NOT extract synonyms as separate entities — choose the primary term
+  Smith uses and note variations.
+- DO extract distinct aspects of a broad concept as separate entities when
+  Smith treats them independently (e.g., "wages of labour" and "profits
+  of stock" are separate from "price of commodities" even though they
+  compose it).
+- If an entity appears across multiple chapters, extract it on first
+  significant appearance and note cross-references in later chapters.
+
+## Naming Conventions
+
+- Use Smith's own terminology where possible.
+- Normalise to lowercase except for proper nouns.
+- Use the most common form Smith uses (e.g., "division of labour" not
+  "divided labour").
+
+## Quality Checks
+
+- Each entity must have a definition that would be comprehensible without
+  reading the source chapter.
+- Each entity must cite the specific book and chapter of first appearance.
+- Economic Domain must be one of: Production, Distribution, Exchange,
+  Consumption, Accumulation, Regulation, or General Theory.

examples/infospace-with-history/artifacts/guidelines/mapping-rules.md

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+---
+id: mapping-rules
+name: mapping_rules
+artifact_type: content
+description: Guidelines for mapping economic entities to VSM concepts
+version: 1.0.0
+---
+
+# VSM Mapping Rules
+
+## Mapping Principles
+
+1. **Ground in Beer's definitions.** Every mapping rationale must reference
+   the specific VSM system function, not just a superficial resemblance.
+
+2. **Prefer structural over metaphorical mappings.** A mapping is strong
+   when the economic entity performs the same *functional role* in Smith's
+   economic system as the VSM component performs in an organisation.
+
+3. **Allow multiple mappings.** A single economic entity may map to
+   multiple VSM systems. For example, "the sovereign" may map to both
+   S3 (regulation) and S5 (policy). Create separate mapping documents
+   for each relationship.
+
+4. **Respect recursion.** Consider at which level of recursion the mapping
+   applies. The division of labour within a single workshop (S1-level)
+   differs from the division of labour across an entire national economy
+   (higher recursion level).
+
+## Mapping Strength Criteria
+
+### Strong
+- The entity directly performs the function of the VSM system.
+- The mapping would be recognisable to a VSM practitioner without explanation.
+- Example: "market price mechanism" → S2 (Coordination) — prices coordinate
+  supply and demand between producers.
+
+### Moderate
+- The entity partially performs the function or performs it in a limited context.
+- The mapping requires some argument but is defensible.
+- Example: "merchant" → S4 (Intelligence) — merchants gather information
+  about foreign markets, but this is not their primary function.
+
+### Weak
+- The mapping is speculative or metaphorical rather than structural.
+- The connection exists but requires significant interpretive work.
+- Example: "moral sentiments" → S5 (Policy) — broad ethical framework
+  shapes economic behaviour, but the connection is indirect.
+
+## What NOT to Map
+
+- Do not force mappings where none exist. It is valid for an entity to have
+  no clear VSM mapping — flag it with "Mapping Strength: Weak" and explain
+  the difficulty.
+- Do not map purely descriptive/historical content that lacks functional
+  significance.
+
+## VSM System Checklist
+
+When mapping, consider each system:
+
+| System | Question to Ask |
+|--------|----------------|
+| S1     | Does this entity directly produce value or output? |
+| S2     | Does this entity coordinate between operational units? |
+| S3     | Does this entity regulate internal operations? |
+| S3*    | Does this entity provide audit or verification? |
+| S4     | Does this entity scan the environment or plan for the future? |
+| S5     | Does this entity define identity, policy, or purpose? |
+
+Also consider the key concepts:
+- **Recursion**: At what level does this entity operate?
+- **Variety**: Does this entity manage variety (attenuate or amplify)?
+- **Algedonic signals**: Does this entity serve as an emergency signal?
+- **Autonomy**: Does this entity relate to operational autonomy?