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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-02-11 22:24:20 +01:00

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Invention of Machinery

Definition

The development of machines that facilitate and abridge labour, enabling one person to do the work of many. Smith identifies this as the third mechanism by which the division of labour increases productive power, and argues that the division of labour itself stimulates invention, because workers focused on a single operation naturally discover improvements to their specific task.

Source Chapter

Book I, Chapter 1: "Of the Division of Labour"

Context

Presented as the third mechanism. Smith provides the anecdote of the boy who automated the valve on a fire engine to free himself for play. He extends the argument beyond workers to include machine-makers and philosophers (men of speculation), whose own specialised observation enables them to combine knowledge from distant fields.

Economic Domain

Production

Smith's Original Wording

"Thirdly, and lastly, everybody must be sensible how much labour is facilitated and abridged by the application of proper machinery. It is unnecessary to give any example."