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f1384144eb spec: promote federation UCs; add SHARD-WP-0002 architecture workplan
Promote UC-26 through UC-33 from federation research into UseCaseCatalog.
Add SHARD-WP-0002 with ten decision topics (remix primitives, equivalent
page identity, history, composition, notification, lifecycle, transclusion,
consensus presets, capability matrix) targeting spec/FederationArchitecture.md.
2026-06-08 14:55:13 +02:00
3160648b61 research: federation concepts for unified information spaces
Document Federated Wiki mechanics (fork, journal, inverted browser model),
Caulfield lifecycle concepts, and comparison with git-backed wikis,
ActivityPub/XWiki, Xanadu patterns, and yawex REMOTE/VIRTUAL. Map
findings to shard-wiki INTENT without equating fedwiki to orchestration.
2026-06-08 14:43:13 +02:00
5d8608aeae Promote c2 and yawex research into UseCaseCatalog (UC-01–UC-25)
Organize 25 use cases across federation, collaboration, discovery, and
provenance. Include traceability tables mapping research IDs to catalog UCs.
2026-06-08 14:14:46 +02:00
64b77f30c1 Add c2 wiki origins research (Ward Cunningham, terms, use cases)
Explores WikiWikiWeb beginnings: design principles, social conventions,
navigation vocabulary, and documented use cases. Federation explicitly
deferred to a later research track.
2026-06-08 14:05:59 +02:00
11 changed files with 1547 additions and 33 deletions

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@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ Learnings update both SCOPE and INTENT where necessary.
|-------|-------|
| Code | Python package scaffold (`src/shard_wiki/`, smoke tests only) |
| Intent | `INTENT.md` established; authorization-in-core amendments drafted |
| Research | yawex prior-art exploration (`research/260608-yawex-prior-art/`) |
| Research | yawex prior art; c2 origins; federation concepts; wikiengines overview (`research/260608-*/`) |
| Demand | NetKingdom integration asks captured, not yet negotiated |
| Spec | Access/history architecture blueprint drafted; PRD/TSD/UCC scaffolds |
| Work | `SHARD-WP-0001` active — 6 design tasks, all todo |
| Spec | Architecture blueprint drafted; UseCaseCatalog 25 UCs from research; PRD/TSD scaffolds |
| Work | `SHARD-WP-0001` active (6 tasks); `SHARD-WP-0002` active (10 tasks) |
## In Scope (today)
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ live in core.
## Current Planning
Design work is tracked in `workplans/SHARD-WP-0001-yawex-requirements.md`.
Specification outputs from that workplan land in `spec/`. Inbound integration
asks remain in `demand/` until reviewed and promoted into spec or workplans.
Design work is tracked in `workplans/SHARD-WP-0001-yawex-requirements.md`
(yawex-derived resolution, namespaces, overlays) and
`workplans/SHARD-WP-0002-federation-architecture.md` (federation architecture,
decisions, tradeoffs). Specification outputs land in `spec/`. Inbound
integration asks remain in `demand/` until reviewed and promoted into spec or
workplans.

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@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
# 260608 — c2 wiki origins (Ward Cunningham)
Date: 2026-06-08
## What this is
Research into the beginnings of the wiki movement through Ward Cunningham,
the Portland Pattern Repository, and the original **WikiWikiWeb** at c2.com.
Focus: popular terms, social conventions, and documented use cases from and
about the c2 wiki. **Federation is explicitly out of scope** for this
exploration (separate research planned).
## Contents
| Path | Role |
|------|------|
| `findings.md` | Terms glossary, use-case catalog, design principles, sources |
## Status
Initial exploration complete. Findings may inform `spec/` and future
workplans; not yet promoted to specification.

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# Findings — Ward Cunningham, c2 wiki, and wiki movement origins
Date: 2026-06-08 · Status: research draft
Scope: beginnings of the wiki movement via the **WikiWikiWeb** (c2.com) and
its creator **Ward Cunningham**. Emphasis on terms and use cases documented
in and about the c2 wiki. **Federation concepts are out of scope here.**
---
## 1. Historical anchor
| Fact | Detail |
|------|--------|
| First wiki | WikiWikiWeb — launched **25 March 1995** on c2.com |
| Creator | Ward Cunningham (Cunningham & Cunningham, Portland, Oregon) |
| Companion site | [Portland Pattern Repository](http://c2.com/ppr/) (PPR) |
| PPR motto | **"People, Projects & Patterns"** |
| Original software | Perl CGI script named `wiki`; later called **WikiBase** |
| Intellectual roots | HyperCard stacks (late 1980s); pattern languages (Cunningham & Beck, OOPSLA 1987, inspired by Christopher Alexander) |
| Name origin | Hawaiian *wiki* = "quick"; *wiki wiki* = "very quick" — from Honolulu airport Wiki Wiki Shuttle |
| Intended name alternative | "QuickWeb" rejected in favor of **WikiWikiWeb** as more fun to say |
| Capital-W convention | **Wiki** (capital W) = this original site; lowercase *wiki* = the technology genre |
Ward's stated purpose (WikiHistory, 2002): make exchange of ideas between
programmers easier. The wiki was an **automated supplement** to the Portland
Pattern Repository, not a replacement encyclopedia.
By 2015 the site went read-only after vandalism; Ward migrated toward
Federated Wiki. That later history is **not** covered here.
---
## 2. What c2 said it was for (primary use cases)
From **WelcomeVisitors**, **WikiHistory**, and community self-description:
### Core mission use cases
1. **Pattern exchange** — publish, discuss, and refine software design patterns
(the PPR mission).
2. **People + projects + patterns** — connect practitioners, project experience,
and reusable design knowledge (`PeopleProjectsAndPatterns`).
3. **Idea exchange among programmers** — fast, lightweight collaborative
writing; "a forum where people share ideas."
4. **Informal history of programming ideas** — accumulated narrative, not a
formal reference work (`InformalHistoryOfProgrammingIdeas`).
5. **Distillation of experience into patterns** — thread discussions refined
into document-mode consensus, sometimes culminating in patterns
(`ThreadMode``DocumentMode``PatternMode`).
### Community / onboarding use cases
6. **First wiki experience** — deliberate onboarding path for newcomers
(`WelcomeVisitors`, `NewUserPages`, `WikiWikiSandbox`).
7. **Sandbox experimentation** — safe place to learn editing mechanics.
8. **Visitor presence** — sign the guest book (`RecentVisitors`).
9. **Culture acclimation** — expect `CultureShock`; learn local conventions
before adding pages.
### Knowledge maintenance use cases
10. **Self-indexing** — wiki indexes itself; community maintains structure
(`VolunteerHousekeeper`, categories, road maps).
11. **Activity awareness** — follow what changed (`RecentChanges`,
`QuickChanges`, `RecentChangesJunkie`).
12. **Discovery** — browse by search, categories, random pages, visual tour,
like-pages, starting points.
13. **Refactoring pages** — merge thread into document, split tangents,
improve clarity (`ReFactoring`, `WikiMaster` role).
14. **Work-in-progress knowledge** — all content explicitly provisional
(`WorkInProgress`).
### What c2 explicitly said it was *not*
- **Not Wikipedia** — subjective, conversational, not a dedicated reference
site (`WikiIsNotWikipedia`, `WikiPedia` as pointer to the real Wikipedia).
- **Not a polished encyclopedia** — "Most of all, this is a forum where
people share ideas!"
### Subject areas the community grew into (approximate eras, WikiHistory)
| Era | Dominant topics on c2 |
|-----|----------------------|
| 1994+ | Patterns, sources, application |
| 1996+ | General design, architecture, methods |
| 1997+ | People and organizational aspects of programming |
| 1998+ | Extreme Programming |
| 2000+ | Wiki itself (meta-discussion) |
Popular page clusters noted by observers: **DesignPatterns**, **ExtremeProgramming**, **TestDrivenDevelopment**, **AgileManifesto**, **UnitTest**, **AntiPattern**, build tools, languages, organizational culture.
---
## 3. Ward's WikiDesignPrinciples (1995 intent)
From Ward Cunningham's reconstructed **WikiDesignPrinciples** page:
| Principle | Meaning |
|-----------|---------|
| **Open** | Incomplete or poorly organized pages may be edited by any reader |
| **Incremental** | Pages cite other pages, including ones not yet written |
| **Organic** | Site structure is editable and evolves like page text |
| **Mundane** | Small number of irregular text conventions for markup |
| **Universal** | Editing and organizing use the same mechanisms as writing |
| **Overt** | Formatted output suggests the input needed to reproduce it |
| **Unified** | Page names from a flat namespace — no extra context to interpret |
| **Precise** | Titles are precise noun phrases to avoid name clashes |
| **Tolerant** | Interpretable behavior preferred over error messages |
| **Observable** | Site activity can be watched and reviewed by any visitor |
| **Convergent** | Duplication discouraged by finding and citing related content |
Ward later noted additional forced principles (e.g. server robustness) beyond
the original eleven.
---
## 4. Popular terms glossary
Terms below are **CamelCase page names** as used on c2 unless noted.
### Wiki mechanics & naming
| Term | Meaning on c2 |
|------|---------------|
| **Wiki** / **WikiWikiWeb** | The first wiki site; capital-W Wiki = this site specifically |
| **WikiBase** | The Perl wiki engine behind c2 |
| **WikiWord** / **WikiWords** | MixedCase token the engine treats as a hyperlink |
| **WikiName** / **WikiNames** | Page title / link target (often built from WikiWords) |
| **MixedCase** / **CamelCase** | CapitalizedWordsRunTogether → automatic link |
| **TextFormattingRules** | Minimal markup conventions (paragraphs, bold, links) |
| **EditText** / **EditCopy** | Core edit operations |
| **Undefined page** / **red link** | `PageName?` with `?` — page does not exist yet; click to create |
| **Flat namespace** | All page names in one space (no hierarchical paths) |
### Content modes (social conventions, not software features)
| Term | Meaning |
|------|---------|
| **DocumentMode** | Third-person, unsigned, community-owned text; consensus artifact |
| **ThreadMode** | Signed, first-person discussion; conversation thread |
| **PatternMode** | Distilled pattern statements from converged discussion |
| **OpeningStatement** | Strong initial claim/question that frames a page |
| **SignedDocumentMode** | Hybrid: document-like but attributed |
| **ThreadModeConsideredHarmful** | Community norm pushing toward document mode |
| **InFavorOfDissertation** | Ward's preference for essay-like pages over dialog |
### Roles & community behavior
| Term | Meaning |
|------|---------|
| **WikiMaster** | Person who refactors threads into documents (anyone can be one) |
| **VolunteerHousekeeper** | Community members who maintain indexes and hygiene |
| **RecentChangesJunkie** | Person who obsessively monitors RecentChanges |
| **InvitedAuthors** | Early contributors who bootstrapped site culture |
| **GoodStyle** | Ward's editing advice: factual, concrete, civil, flow over chronology |
| **ReFactoring** / **RefactorMercilessly** | Rewrite pages for clarity; merge/split threads |
| **RefactorDontDelete** | Prefer refactoring over deletion |
| **CultureShock** | Newcomer disorientation from wiki norms |
### Navigation & derived views
| Term | Meaning |
|------|---------|
| **RecentChanges** | Chronological edit log — central community nerve center |
| **QuickChanges** | Short-form recent changes |
| **RecentEdits** | Minor edits stream |
| **NotSoRecentChanges** | Older change archives |
| **FindPage** | Search |
| **LikePages** | Similar-title suggestions |
| **RandomPages** | Serendipitous browse |
| **VisualTour** | Graphical browse aid |
| **StartingPoints** | Curated entry paths |
| **WikiCategories** / **RoadMaps** | Community-maintained indexes |
| **PeopleIndex** / **RecentVisitors** | Who participates |
| **BackLinks** | Pages linking here (classic derived view) |
| **AllPages** / **SiteMap** / **SearchPage** | Core derived pages (also present in yawex prior art) |
| **SisterSites** | Links to other wikis |
### Pattern & programming vocabulary (c2's dominant content)
| Term | Meaning |
|------|---------|
| **Pattern** / **DesignPatterns** | Reusable design solution in context |
| **AntiPattern** | Common bad solution |
| **ProtoPattern** | Pattern-in-formation |
| **PortlandPatternRepository** | Pattern submission/distribution site |
| **PeopleProjectsAndPatterns** | c2's thematic focus |
| **ExtremeProgramming** / **AgileManifesto** | Major c2 discourse topics (late 1990s2000s) |
| **CrcCards** | Design technique; also spawned from Ward's HyperCard work |
### Meta & identity pages
| Term | Meaning |
|------|---------|
| **WorkInProgress** | Nothing is finished; everything editable |
| **WikiIsNotWikipedia** | Identity boundary vs encyclopedic wikis |
| **WhyWikiWorks** / **WhyWikiWorksNot** | Community theory of success/failure |
| **WikiZen** | Cultural / philosophical reflection |
| **WikiOnWiki** | Meta-discussion about wiki itself (sometimes controversial) |
---
## 5. Documented editing & collaboration patterns
From **ThreadMode**, **DocumentMode**, **GoodStyle**, **WhyWikiWorks**:
### ThreadMode contributions (ADD / EDIT / SPLIT / CAPTURE)
1. **ADD** — append signed comment to continue conversation.
2. **EDIT** — improve flow of others' signed comments (with care).
3. **SPLIT** — separate tangents onto new pages with summary links.
4. **CAPTURE** — distill converging ideas into anonymous pattern paragraphs.
### DocumentMode lifecycle
- Page opens with strong **OpeningStatement**.
- Feedback arrives in ThreadMode.
- On consensus, a **WikiMaster** (or anyone) replaces thread with
DocumentMode synthesis.
- Newcomers are expected to **rewrite** unclear passages rather than stack
clarifying replies.
### WhyWikiWorks (community theory)
Paradoxical strengths cited on c2:
- Anyone can delete anything → only meaningful content survives curation.
- Low WYSIWYG appeal → filters out drive-by noise; participants self-select.
- Slow, considered edits → pages evolve over days/weeks.
- Pedantic community → shared professional camaraderie.
- "Insecure, indiscriminate, user-hostile, slow" — yet it worked *because*
other online communities optimized differently.
---
## 6. Technical & formatting conventions (original c2)
From Ward's etymology correspondence and c2 pages:
- **Double conventions as formatting clues:**
- double carriage-return → new paragraph
- double single-quote → italic
- double capitalized-word (CamelCase) → hyperlink
- **Flat page namespace** — precise noun-phrase titles.
- **Minimal markup** — "mundane" rules; overt correspondence between input
and rendered output.
- **Optional attribution** — `UserName` (2000+) to attach edits to a name
instead of IP; signing in ThreadMode remained common.
- **Deletion** — supported but culturally discouraged vs refactoring
(`RefactorDontDelete`).
---
## 7. Use-case patterns worth naming (synthesis)
Grouping c2-documented uses into reusable patterns:
| ID | Use-case pattern | c2 evidence |
|----|------------------|-------------|
| UC-C2-01 | **Quick idea capture** | Wiki = quick web; incremental linking to unwritten pages |
| UC-C2-02 | **Collaborative glossary** | Flat namespace of precise terms; WikiWords as vocabulary |
| UC-C2-03 | **Discussion → consensus doc** | ThreadMode → DocumentMode refactoring |
| UC-C2-04 | **Pattern mining** | Thread → PatternMode distillation |
| UC-C2-05 | **Community guest book** | RecentVisitors, people pages |
| UC-C2-06 | **Change radar** | RecentChanges / QuickChanges monitoring |
| UC-C2-07 | **Self-curating knowledge base** | Open editing + convergent deduplication |
| UC-C2-08 | **Sandbox learning** | WikiWikiSandbox for safe first edits |
| UC-C2-09 | **Serendipitous browse** | RandomPages, VisualTour, LikePages |
| UC-C2-10 | **Practitioner field notes** | InformalHistoryOfProgrammingIdeas, not encyclopedia |
| UC-C2-11 | **Team memory for methods** | XP, TDD, patterns, tools discourse |
| UC-C2-12 | **Soft creation of missing topics** | Red-link `?` pages created on first write |
---
## 8. Boundaries for shard-wiki (light notes, not federation)
Items from c2 origins that align with existing `INTENT.md` themes **without**
entering federation design:
- **Open editing + recoverable history** — c2 trusted the community; shard-wiki
INTENT makes Git history the safety net (stronger than c2's soft norms).
- **WorkInProgress** — matches overlay/provenance/freshness thinking.
- **Mechanism over policy** — c2 used social conventions (DocumentMode,
GoodStyle) rather than hard gates; shard-wiki keeps policy configurable.
- **Not an encyclopedia** — c2's `WikiIsNotWikipedia` parallels shard-wiki not
owning universal ontology.
- **Derived views** — BackLinks, RecentChanges, AllPages, SiteMap, Search were
first-class on c2; already flagged in yawex research as union-view candidates.
- **Flat namespace + CamelCase links** — original c2 model; shard-wiki is
Markdown-first (wikilink extension question remains open).
**Deferred:** Federated Wiki, sister sites, multi-wiki configuration — separate
research track.
---
## 9. Sources
| Source | URL / location |
|--------|----------------|
| Ward — WikiHistory | https://wiki.c2.com/?WikiHistory (archive 2002) |
| Ward — WikiDesignPrinciples | https://wiki.c2.com/?WikiDesignPrinciples (archive 2002) |
| Ward — etymology correspondence | https://c2.com/doc/etymology.html |
| WelcomeVisitors | https://wiki.c2.com/?WelcomeVisitors (archive 2002) |
| DocumentMode | https://wiki.c2.com/?DocumentMode (archive 2002) |
| ThreadMode | https://wiki.c2.com/?ThreadMode (archive 2002) |
| GoodStyle | https://wiki.c2.com/?GoodStyle (archive 2002) |
| WhyWikiWorks | https://wiki.c2.com/?WhyWikiWorks (archive 2002) |
| RecentChanges | https://wiki.c2.com/?RecentChanges (archive 2002) |
| Wikipedia — WikiWikiWeb | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiWikiWeb |
| Wikipedia — Portland Pattern Repository | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_Pattern_Repository |
| Observer summary — T.J. Maher (2016) | https://www.tjmaher.com/2016/06/time-capsule-ward-cunninghams-wiki-wiki.html |
---
## 10. Open questions (for later spec work)
1. Which c2 **social conventions** (DocumentMode, GoodStyle, WikiMaster
refactoring) belong in shard-wiki core vs reference UI vs `wiki/` content?
2. How much of the **flat CamelCase namespace** survives in a Markdown-first,
path-oriented federation model?
3. Which **derived views** from c2 are MVP for an orchestrator vs adapter-provided?
4. Does shard-wiki want an explicit **WorkInProgress / WikiIsNotWikipedia**
stance in `spec/ProductRequirementsDocument.md`?
5. How does c2's **open-by-default** community norm relate to shard-wiki's
L0 mode — coincidence of values or intentional lineage?

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# 260608 — Federation concepts for unified information spaces
Date: 2026-06-08
## What this is
Research into **federation models** for decentralized but unified knowledge
spaces — with emphasis on **Federated Wiki** (Ward Cunningham, ~2011+) and
comparable approaches (git-backed wikis, ActivityPub, Xanadu patterns, yawex
REMOTE/VIRTUAL).
Complements `research/260608-c2-wiki-origins/` (pre-federation wiki culture)
and `research/260608-yawex-prior-art/` (Perl engine resolution states).
Focus: terms, architectural patterns, and **mapping to `shard-wiki` INTENT**
— not implementation specification.
## Contents
| Path | Role |
|------|------|
| `findings.md` | Glossary, model comparison, shard-wiki mapping, open questions, sources |
## Status
Initial exploration complete. Use cases promoted to `spec/UseCaseCatalog.md`
(UC-26UC-33). Federation architecture design tracked in
`workplans/SHARD-WP-0002-federation-architecture.md`.

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# Findings — Federation concepts for decentralized, unified information spaces
Date: 2026-06-08 · Status: research draft
Scope: federation models that let independently stored knowledge participate in
a **joined view** without erasing provenance, sovereignty, or backend
differences. Primary anchor: **Federated Wiki** and Ward Cunningham's
post-c2 inversion. Secondary: git-backed wikis, ActivityPub wiki extensions,
Xanadu hypertext patterns, and yawex multi-wiki resolution.
**Complements:** `research/260608-c2-wiki-origins/` (federation explicitly
deferred there) and `research/260608-yawex-prior-art/` (REMOTE/VIRTUAL as
adapter foreshadowing).
---
## 1. Why federation (the problem statement)
Centralized wikis concentrate **meaning** and **records** on one server:
| Problem | Manifestation |
|---------|---------------|
| **Ownership** | Contributors build on someone else's host; site shutdown = loss risk |
| **Consensus pressure** | Early edits must survive notability/deletion fights (Wikipedia model) |
| **Heat death** | Bounded communities exhaust their charter; maintenance mode → colony collapse |
| **Reuse friction** | Copy-paste HTML/DB content across sites is slow, lossy, attribution-prone |
| **Backend lock-in** | One engine, one storage model, one permission model |
Federation responses split along two axes:
1. **Where records live** — per-user site, per-instance repo, personal pod, mirrored git clone.
2. **How unity is achieved** — fork + spread, git push/pull, protocol activities, projection/cache, orchestrated union.
`shard-wiki` (per `INTENT.md`) targets axis (2) via an **orchestration layer**
over heterogeneous **shards**, with Git as coordination substrate — not a
single federation mechanism.
---
## 2. Federated Wiki (Smallest Federated Wiki / SFW)
### 2.1 Historical anchor
| Fact | Detail |
|------|--------|
| Origin | Ward Cunningham; launched at IndieWebCamp 2011 |
| Motivation | Regret that c2's 35,000+ pages lived on Ward's server, not contributors' |
| c2 migration | WikiWikiWeb moved to Federated Wiki ~2015 after read-only period |
| GitHub lineage | Fork button inspired by GitHub; "radical code sharing" as model |
| Current code | [github.com/fedwiki/wiki](https://github.com/fedwiki/wiki) (CoffeeScript; active releases through 2025) |
Ward's framing (Wired, 2012): the wiki's radical idea was an **edit button on
every page**; federated wiki's radical idea is a **fork button on every page**.
### 2.2 Inverted architecture
Traditional wiki vs federated wiki (Caulfield, NWACC 2014, summarizing Ward):
```
Traditional: many people → one server → server owns records → consensus on server
Federated: many people → many servers → each owns records → browser composes union
```
**Meaning is made in the browser.** The client pulls JSON page records from
multiple origins (CORS) and presents them as one navigable space. Consensus
emerges through **which versions spread** across the network, not through a
single server arbiter.
### 2.3 Page model (JSON + journal)
From [viki.wiki JSON schema](https://viki.wiki/json-schema.html):
```
page = { title, story, journal }
story = [ item ] # paragraph-like plugin items
journal = [ action ] # edit history that reconstructs story
action.type = create|add|move|edit|remove|fork
action.site = origin host # present when content came from elsewhere
```
Key properties:
| Property | Implication |
|----------|-------------|
| **Data files, not DB render** | Fork copies JSON, not scraped HTML — reuse stays structured |
| **JSON items, not HTML** | Target site re-renders via plugins; display differences don't break remix |
| **Journal travels with page** | Attribution/history portable; no separate blame log |
| **Plugin architecture** | Item `type` selects renderer; missing plugins surfaced to user |
| **Fork action** | Whole-page copy from remote site into local site with provenance |
| **Item IDs preserved** | Stable anchors through edits; aliasing guards duplicate IDs |
### 2.4 Interaction patterns
| Pattern | Behavior |
|---------|----------|
| **Fork** | Copy remote page to your site; edit locally; original owner may merge back |
| **Drag-and-drop fork** | Cross-site page transfer in ~15 seconds (OER case) |
| **Chorus of voices** | Multiple versions of "same" topic coexist; linked, not merged by default |
| **Neighborhood / river** | Discovery via recent changes across federated sites (e.g. fedwikiriver.com) |
| **Happening** | Time-bounded collaborative event on a topic-specific subdomain/site |
### 2.5 Mike Caulfield — lifecycle and pedagogy
Caulfield articulated fedwiki's social model beyond Ward's mechanics:
**Kinneavy triangle / knowledge lifecycle** (composition theory):
| Phase | Mode | Typical medium | Fedwiki fit |
|-------|------|----------------|-------------|
| **I** | Personal capture | Notes, journal | Each person's site |
| **You** | Dialogic | Conversation, annotation | Fork chains, cross-site references |
| **It** | Expository | Stable shared article | Spread of refined forks |
Fedwiki supports **I → You → It** in one system; centralized wikis force **It**
(consensus) from the first edit.
**Bounded conversations / expected heat death** (2015):
- Wiki sites are **bounded conversations**, not permanent monuments.
- Sites are **expected to die**; valuable material is **forked into the next happening**.
- **Reverse bit-rot** — Smalltalk-era term Ward revived: objects/pages improve each
time reused across systems (refactor on fork), defying entropy of abandoned forums.
- Contrast: colony collapse on centralized forums (Blue Hampshire example) vs
humane site retirement with selective carry-forward.
**OER reuse** (2015): WordPress copy-paste ~1015 min/page vs fedwiki fork ~15 sec;
bottleneck is software, not human willingness to remix.
**Dissent as feature** (Ogden via Wired): Wikipedia forces one perspective;
fedwiki enables multiple controversial pages, still linked for exploration.
### 2.6 Strengths and limits
| Strengths | Limits |
|-----------|--------|
| Personal sovereignty over pages | Requires running a site (mitigated by one-click AWS deploy) |
| Low-friction remix with provenance | Small niche ecosystem |
| Multi-perspective knowledge | Weak team-governance / permissions story vs enterprise wikis |
| JSON portability | Plugin fragmentation; non-Markdown item model |
| Strong conceptual clarity | Not a general adapter layer for arbitrary backends |
---
## 3. Other federation models
### 3.1 Git-backed distributed wikis (ikiwiki pattern)
[ikiwiki distributed wikis](https://ikiwiki.info/tips/distributed_wikis/) documents
a **spectrum of decentralization**:
| Level | Setup | Federation mechanism |
|-------|-------|---------------------|
| 0 | Single server | None |
| 1 | HTML mirror | Read-only copy |
| 2 | Split web + git host | Clone/pull |
| 3 | Pinger mirrors | Central bare repo + ping-on-edit propagation |
| 4 | Fully decentralized | Independent wikis push/pull via git to peers |
**Branching a wiki** = clone origin read-only (`git://`), edit locally without
push-back — explicit fork. Conflicts surface as markers in rendered pages.
**Relevance to shard-wiki:** Strong alignment with **Git-addressable
coordination** and **coordination journal** in `INTENT.md`. ikiwiki federates
*homogeneous* git-backed wikis; shard-wiki must also attach non-git shards
(Obsidian, WebDAV, Gitea wiki, Coulomb, etc.).
**Gollum / GitHub wikis:** Same backing-store idea — pages as files in a repo;
federation is git sync, not a wiki protocol. Multi-repo Gollum setups are
operational, not semantic union.
### 3.2 ActivityPub wiki federation (XWiki)
[XWiki ActivityPub Application](https://extensions.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Extension/ActivityPub%20Application/)
(v1.7.x) connects XWiki instances to the **fediverse**:
| Capability | Notes |
|------------|-------|
| Follow user / wiki actor | Receive Create/Update notifications |
| Share documents | Push page content to followers; view remote in modal |
| Messaging / discussions | Note objects threaded as discussions |
| Like, mention | Social engagement primitives |
| Webfinger + ActivityPub endpoints | Standard discovery |
**Caveats (documented by XWiki):** Federation "not well supported yet" for
full activity routing; Mastodon mention of Page entities incomplete; security
signing partial.
**Contrast with fedwiki:** ActivityPub federates **activities and notifications**
between **compatible app instances**; content may be copied on share, but the
model is social-graph + event stream, not per-user fork sovereignty. Closer to
**fediverse** than **fedwiki** UX.
**Contrast with shard-wiki:** ActivityPub could be an **adapter transport** for
some shards, but shard-wiki's core is wiki-page semantics (paths, links,
overlays, provenance), not activity streams.
### 3.3 Xanadu / transclusion lineage
Ted Nelson's [Project Xanadu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Xanadu)
(1960s) pursued **serious electronic literature** with patterns still relevant:
| Pattern | Intent | Modern partial implementations |
|---------|--------|-------------------------------|
| **Visible links** | Show destination context, not opaque jumps | Hover previews, Open Graph unfurls |
| **Parallel documents** | Side-by-side source + derivative | Multi-pane editors (Obsidian, Roam) |
| **Transclusion** | Live inclusion of remote span with origin pointer | Embeds, block references (weak) |
| **Transcopyright** | Permissioning for reuse | Mostly unsolved at web scale |
| **Stable addresses** | Fine-grained, durable pointers | Block UIDs (Roam); URL rot elsewhere |
| **Bi-directional links** | Backlinks as first-class | Obsidian, Roam, shard-wiki BackLinks UC |
Xanadu is **speculative design / pattern language**, not deployable federation.
Useful for shard-wiki **provenance, transclusion, and link resolution** thinking —
especially union BackLinks and projection freshness.
### 3.4 Personal / local-first wikis (TiddlyWiki, Obsidian)
Not federation protocols, but **sovereignty** models:
- **TiddlyWiki** — single-file portable wiki; complete user ownership.
- **Obsidian** — local vault + optional sync; community plugins for publish/remix.
Shard-wiki INTENT explicitly lists these as shard participants via adapters.
Federation is **attachment to a root information space**, not replacing the
local tool.
### 3.5 yawex multi-wiki resolution (cross-reference)
From `research/260608-yawex-prior-art/findings.md`:
| yawex state | Federation reading |
|-------------|-------------------|
| `REMOTE` | Jump to another wiki's page — remote shard navigation |
| `VIRTUAL` | Local processing, remote content — projection |
| Multi-wiki config | Multiple named wikis = multiple shards |
**Decision already recorded:** inspiration only; shard-wiki designs resolution
fresh for heterogeneous adapters.
### 3.6 Solid / personal data pods (brief)
Solid aims at **user-controlled pods** + linked data apps. Distributed wiki
discussions (forum threads, TiddlyWiki-on-Solid experiments) explore **personal
wikis on pods** vs **team commons**.
| Axis | Solid-style | Fedwiki | shard-wiki |
|------|-------------|---------|------------|
| Unit of sovereignty | Pod / user | Site / person | Shard |
| Unity mechanism | Linked data queries | Browser composition + fork | Orchestrated union + Git journal |
| Team wiki | Secondary; app-dependent | Weak | Supported via shards + authz |
No mature Solid wiki federation standard emerged; treat as **adjacent personal-
data sovereignty** research, not direct prior art.
---
## 4. Comparison matrix
| Model | Unit of ownership | Unity mechanism | Consensus model | History / provenance | Heterogeneous backends |
|-------|-------------------|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------|------------------------|
| **Centralized wiki** (c2, MediaWiki) | Site operator | Single namespace | On-page consensus | Server revision log | No |
| **Federated Wiki** | Per-site (per person) | Browser pulls JSON; fork | Spread of versions | Journal per page | No (all SFW-shaped) |
| **ikiwiki distributed** | Per git clone | git push/pull, pingers | Merge conflicts in git | Git commits | No (all ikiwiki) |
| **ActivityPub (XWiki)** | Per instance | Activity stream | Social follow/share | Activity + page store | No (XWiki only) |
| **Xanadu** | Document address | Transclusion | Parallel versions | Version trails (concept) | N/A (unbuilt) |
| **shard-wiki (INTENT)** | Per shard | Orchestrator union | Configurable policy | Git coordination journal + shard history | **Yes** (adapter contract) |
---
## 5. Glossary (federation track)
| Term | Meaning | Primary source |
|------|---------|----------------|
| **Fork** | Copy a page (or site branch) to a new home; divergent editing | Fedwiki, git |
| **Journal** | Ordered actions reconstructing page state; travels with page | Fedwiki JSON schema |
| **Story** | Array of typed items (paragraph, image, …) forming page body | Fedwiki |
| **Happening** | Time-bounded fedwiki collaboration on a topic site | Caulfield |
| **Bounded conversation** | Site with expected end; not infinite commons | Caulfield |
| **Reverse bit-rot** | Content improves through reuse across contexts | Caulfield / Ward |
| **Chorus of voices** | Multiple perspectives on same topic, linked | Ward |
| **Inverted model** | Records distributed; meaning composed client-side | Ward |
| **Projection** | Local view of remote content without claiming ownership | shard-wiki / yawex VIRTUAL |
| **Overlay** | Local edit against remote/canonical without immediate mutation | shard-wiki |
| **Shard** | Independently meaningful page store with own capabilities | shard-wiki |
| **Coordination journal** | Git-backed change record for an information space | shard-wiki |
| **Transclusion** | Include live span from elsewhere with origin visible | Xanadu |
| **Fediverse** | Network of ActivityPub-speaking apps | XWiki AP, Mastodon |
| **Pinger / pingee** | Edit-triggered mirror refresh between ikiwiki sites | ikiwiki |
| **Wiki actor** | Entire wiki as ActivityPub actor | XWiki AP |
---
## 6. Mapping to shard-wiki INTENT (compare, do not equate)
### 6.1 Strong resonances
| Fedwiki / federation idea | shard-wiki concept | Notes |
|---------------------------|-------------------|-------|
| Personal ownership of edits | Shard sovereignty | shard-wiki generalizes beyond per-person sites |
| Fork with provenance | Overlay + patch flows | shard-wiki separates draft from destructive apply |
| Journal / history with page | Coordination journal + shard revision | Git journal is space-level; shard retains own history |
| Browser-composed union | Union of pages across shards | Orchestrator presents coherent graph |
| JSON not HTML for remix | Markdown-first page model | Different format; same structural intent |
| Lazy pull from remote | Projection | yawex VIRTUAL; explicit freshness |
| Chorus of voices | Union without erasure | Show provenance, divergence, equivalents |
| Bounded conversation | Configurable policy | Mechanism not policy — space may be permanent or ephemeral |
| Reverse bit-rot on reuse | Reconciliation / sync | Policy-driven; not automatic fork |
| Derived views (recent, links) | UC-05 union views | BackLinks, RecentChanges across shards |
### 6.2 Deliberate divergences (design bugs if conflated)
| Fedwiki assumption | shard-wiki correction |
|--------------------|----------------------|
| Every participant runs SFW-shaped JSON site | **Adapter contract** for Gitea, folders, Obsidian, WebDAV, engines |
| Fork = default edit primitive | **Capability-aware**: read-only shards need overlay, not fork |
| Client composes in browser only | Orchestrator may serve CLI, agents, CI — not browser-only |
| Per-site = per-person | Shards may be team repos, org wikis, app databases |
| No central coordination | **Git-addressable coordination layer** per information space |
| Plugin item types | Markdown-first; engine-specific render is out of core scope |
| Implicit spread-as-consensus | **Mechanism over policy** — canonical source is explicit config |
### 6.3 What shard-wiki adds beyond fedwiki
1. **Heterogeneous attachment** — not all shards speak the same page JSON.
2. **Capability matrix** — read/write/diff/merge/lock/publish per shard.
3. **Overlay-before-mutation** — respect remote sovereignty and limited backends.
4. **Semantic wiki sync** — not generic file mirroring.
5. **Enterprise authz ladder** — L0 open → delegated IAM (without owning identity).
6. **Divergence detection** — equivalent pages across shards, reconcilable.
### 6.4 What fedwiki teaches that shard-wiki should not lose
1. **Frictionless reuse** — if remix takes 15 minutes, federation fails socially.
2. **Provenance by default** — history must travel or be reconstructible.
3. **Multi-perspective truth** — union ≠ single canonical article.
4. **Expected lifecycle** — information spaces may be ephemeral; plan for carry-forward.
5. **Personal sovereignty** — contributors must not be hostage to one operator's server.
---
## 7. Use-case promotion (done 2026-06-08)
Promoted to `spec/UseCaseCatalog.md` as UC-26UC-33. Architecture decisions
tracked in `workplans/SHARD-WP-0002-federation-architecture.md`.
| Research ID | Catalog UC |
|-------------|------------|
| UC-FED-01 Fork page from remote shard | UC-26 |
| UC-FED-02 View multiple versions of equivalent page | UC-27 |
| UC-FED-03 Carry forward from closed/archived shard | UC-28 |
| UC-FED-04 Remix with portable attribution | UC-29 |
| UC-FED-05 Time-bounded collaboration space | UC-30 |
| UC-FED-06 Subscribe to remote shard changes | UC-31 |
| UC-FED-07 Transclude remote span | UC-32 |
| UC-FED-08 Git-branch information space | UC-33 |
---
## 8. Open questions (for spec / workplans)
1. **Fork vs overlay vs import** — When does shard-wiki copy content into a
writable shard vs keep an overlay vs link-only reference?
2. **Equivalent page identity** — How are "same topic" pages matched across
shards (title, path, link graph, explicit alias)?
3. **Journal format** — Does shard-wiki adopt fedwiki-like action journals,
Git commits only, or both per shard type?
4. **Browser vs server composition** — Where does union merging run for agents
and non-UI consumers?
5. **ActivityPub as adapter** — Optional transport for change notification, or
out of scope?
6. **Ephemeral spaces** — Should information spaces have first-class lifecycle
(archived, read-only, merged-into-successor)?
7. **Plugin/item extensibility** — Markdown extensions vs structured blocks for
remixable assessments (fedwiki OER lesson)?
8. **Consensus without erasure** — Policy presets: fedwiki-spread, git-merge,
designated canonical shard, vote-to-merge?
---
## 9. Sources
| Source | URL |
|--------|-----|
| Wikipedia — Federated Wiki | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_Wiki |
| Wired — Wiki Inventor Sticks a Fork | https://www.wired.com/2012/07/wiki-inventor/ |
| viki.wiki — JSON Schema | https://viki.wiki/json-schema.html |
| Fedwiki GitHub | https://github.com/fedwiki/wiki |
| Caulfield — Federated Education (NWACC 2014) | https://hapgood.us/2014/11/06/federated-education-new-directions-in-digital-collaboration/ |
| Caulfield — Bounded Conversations | https://hapgood.us/2015/01/21/rethinking-wiki-lifecycle-sites-as-bounded-conversations/ |
| Caulfield — OER Case for Federated Wiki | https://hapgood.us/2015/05/05/the-oer-case-for-federated-wiki/ |
| ikiwiki — distributed wikis | https://ikiwiki.info/tips/distributed_wikis/ |
| XWiki — ActivityPub Application | https://extensions.xwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Extension/ActivityPub%20Application/ |
| Maggie Appleton — Xanadu Patterns | https://maggieappleton.com/xanadu-patterns |
| Wikipedia — Project Xanadu | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Xanadu |
| shard-wiki — yawex prior art | `research/260608-yawex-prior-art/findings.md` |
| shard-wiki — c2 origins | `research/260608-c2-wiki-origins/findings.md` |
| shard-wiki — INTENT | `INTENT.md` |
---
## 10. Traceability
| This document section | Informs (future) |
|-----------------------|------------------|
| §2 Federated Wiki | Adapter design, page model, overlay/fork policy |
| §3.1 ikiwiki | Git coordination journal, mirror/branch modes |
| §3.2 ActivityPub | Optional notification adapter |
| §3.3 Xanadu | Link resolution, transclusion, provenance UI |
| §6 Mapping | Architecture blueprint guardrails |
| §7 UC seeds | `spec/UseCaseCatalog.md` promotion pass |

View File

@@ -10,4 +10,7 @@ when multiple files or sources are involved. Findings here inform `spec/` and
| Date | Path | Summary |
|------|------|---------|
| 2026-06-08 | `260608-yawex-prior-art/` | yawex 0.7.4 Perl wiki prior art; federation design seeds |
| 2026-06-08 | `260608-yawex-prior-art/` | yawex 0.7.4 Perl wiki prior art; federation design seeds |
| 2026-06-08 | `260608-c2-wiki-origins/` | Ward Cunningham & WikiWikiWeb origins; terms and use cases |
| 2026-06-08 | `260608-federation-concepts/` | Federated Wiki, git/ActivityPub/Xanadu federation models |
| 2026-06-08 | `260608-wikiengines-overview/` | Wiki engine landscape survey (Perplexity-assisted) |

View File

@@ -46,9 +46,11 @@ See `INTENT.md` § Strategic Boundaries.
- `research/260608-yawex-prior-art/findings.md` — federation design seeds from
prior art.
- `research/260608-federation-concepts/findings.md` — Federated Wiki, git/AP
federation models; UC-26UC-33 in `spec/UseCaseCatalog.md`.
## 8. Open Items
Pending completion of `SHARD-WP-0001` design tasks and ratification of access
model INTENT amendments. Detailed requirements will be expanded as spec tasks
complete.
Pending completion of `SHARD-WP-0001` and `SHARD-WP-0002` design tasks and
ratification of access model INTENT amendments. Detailed requirements will be
expanded as spec tasks complete.

View File

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Background on document types: InfoTechPrimers on coulomb.social.
|------|--------|------|
| `ProductRequirementsDocument.md` | draft scaffold | What the product must deliver |
| `TechnicalSpecificationDocument.md` | draft scaffold | How the system is built |
| `UseCaseCatalog.md` | draft scaffold | Observable usage scenarios |
| `UseCaseCatalog.md` | draft | 25 use cases promoted from c2 + yawex research |
| `ArchitectureBlueprint.md` | draft | Access, history, and identity architecture |
Promote material from `research/` and reviewed items from `demand/` into spec

View File

@@ -45,7 +45,12 @@ per information space.
Package scaffold only (`__version__`, smoke tests). Domain model not yet coded.
## 7. Next Specification Work
## 7. Use Cases
`spec/UseCaseCatalog.md` — 25 use cases (UC-01UC-25) promoted from c2 wiki
origins and yawex prior-art research.
## 8. Next Specification Work
Outputs from `SHARD-WP-0001` tasks (page resolution, namespaces, derived views,
provenance, overlays, link semantics) will be incorporated here as they complete.

View File

@@ -1,47 +1,464 @@
# UseCaseCatalog
Status: **draft scaffold** · Date: 2026-06-08
Status: **draft** · Date: 2026-06-08 · Updated: 2026-06-08
Promoted from `research/260608-c2-wiki-origins/`,
`research/260608-yawex-prior-art/`, and `research/260608-federation-concepts/`.
See InfoTechPrimers on coulomb.social for use-case catalog conventions.
## UC-01 — Standalone open wiki (L0)
## Conventions
Each use case lists:
- **Actor** — who initiates the action
- **Goal** — observable outcome
- **Source** — research lineage (`c2`, `yawex`, `federation`, `intent`, or combined)
- **Notes** — shard-wiki-specific constraints or open design points
Priority hints: **MVP** = likely early value; **Later** = important but not first slice.
---
## A. Information space and federation
*shard-wiki orchestration scenarios (INTENT + yawex federation seeds).*
### UC-01 — Standalone open wiki (L0)
**Actor:** Anonymous contributor
**Goal:** Read and write wiki pages with full history and no external dependencies.
**Notes:** Ward Cunningham / c2-style open mode. Recovery via Git history, not gatekeeping.
**Source:** intent, c2
**Notes:** Ward Cunningham / c2-style open mode (`WhyWikiWorks`). Recovery via Git
history, not gatekeeping. Aligns with L0 in `spec/ArchitectureBlueprint.md`.
**Priority:** MVP
## UC-02 — Attach a Git repo shard
### UC-02 — Attach a shard to an information space
**Actor:** Maintainer
**Goal:** Attach a repository or `wiki/` subdirectory as a shard of an information space.
**Notes:** Preserve shard sovereignty and adapter capability profile.
**Goal:** Attach a repository, directory, or other backend as a shard of a root entity.
**Source:** intent, yawex
**Notes:** yawex `Conf::TestWiki / FriendsWiki` foreshadows multiple roots/shards.
Preserve shard sovereignty and adapter capability profile.
**Priority:** MVP
## UC-03 — Project a remote shard page locally
### UC-03 — Project a remote shard page locally
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** View a page from a remote or read-only shard as a local projection with provenance and freshness visible.
**Notes:** Lazy projection; no silent mutation.
**Goal:** View a page from a remote or read-only shard as a local projection with
provenance and freshness visible.
**Source:** intent, yawex
**Notes:** yawex `VIRTUAL` state = projection/cache. Lazy projection; no silent
mutation.
**Priority:** Later
## UC-04 — Overlay edit on read-only shard
### UC-04 — Overlay edit on read-only shard
**Actor:** Author
**Goal:** Propose changes to a remote/read-only page as overlay/draft/patch before destructive apply.
**Notes:** Overlay-before-mutation principle.
**Goal:** Propose changes to a remote/read-only page as overlay, draft, or patch
before destructive apply.
**Source:** intent, yawex
**Notes:** yawex append/comment workflow; c2 ThreadMode → refactor pattern.
Overlay-before-mutation principle.
**Priority:** Later
## UC-05 — Union browse (BackLinks, RecentChanges)
### UC-05 — Union derived views
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** Navigate derived views across all attached shards.
**Notes:** BackLinks over federated link graph is a strong core candidate (see research findings).
**Goal:** Navigate BackLinks, RecentChanges, AllPages, SiteMap, or Search across
all attached shards as a federated graph.
**Source:** intent, c2, yawex
**Notes:** Present on both c2 (community nerve center) and yawex core pages.
BackLinks over the union link-graph is the strongest core candidate; per-shard
vs union scope remains open (see UC-19UC-21).
**Priority:** Later
## UC-06 — Authenticated team wiki (L2+)
### UC-06 — Authenticated team wiki (L2+)
**Actor:** Authenticated principal
**Goal:** Read/write under role-based authorization with identity from external provider.
**Notes:** See `spec/ArchitectureBlueprint.md` capability ladder.
**Goal:** Read and write under role-based authorization with identity from an
external provider.
**Source:** intent, yawex
**Notes:** yawex htpasswd + per-topic `AccessControl` is prior art only;
shard-wiki delegates authentication, owns authorization
(`spec/ArchitectureBlueprint.md`).
**Priority:** Later
## UC-07 — Detect cross-shard divergence
### UC-07 — Detect and reconcile cross-shard divergence
**Actor:** Maintainer
**Goal:** Identify when equivalent pages in different shards have diverged and reconcile.
**Notes:** Union without erasure — conflicts visible, not hidden.
**Goal:** Identify when equivalent pages in different shards have diverged and
reconcile them under explicit policy.
**Source:** intent
**Notes:** Union without erasure — conflicts visible, not hidden. Complements
UC-27 (multi-version view) and SHARD-WP-0002 consensus-policy task.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-26 — Fork page from remote shard into writable shard
**Actor:** Author
**Goal:** Copy a page from a remote or read-only shard into a local writable
shard for independent editing, with provenance preserved.
**Source:** federation, intent
**Notes:** Fedwiki fork primitive. shard-wiki may realize as import, overlay
seed, or writable copy per policy — distinct from UC-04 (overlay without copy)
and UC-03 (projection only). Fork vs overlay vs import decided in
`SHARD-WP-0002`.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-27 — View multiple versions of equivalent page
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** See coexisting versions of the same topic from different shards or
authors without collapsing them into one canonical page.
**Source:** federation, intent
**Notes:** Fedwiki "chorus of voices"; INTENT union without erasure. Equivalent-
page identity model TBD (`SHARD-WP-0002`). Links UC-07 divergence detection.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-28 — Carry forward pages from closed or archived shard
**Actor:** Maintainer or author
**Goal:** Selectively import or re-project valuable pages from an archived,
read-only, or retired shard into an active information space.
**Source:** federation
**Notes:** Caulfield bounded conversation / reverse bit-rot. Optional space
lifecycle policy. Complements UC-02 attach and UC-26 fork at scale.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-29 — Remix with portable attribution
**Actor:** Author
**Goal:** Reuse content across shards or spaces with attribution and edit
history intact, without manual copy-paste.
**Source:** federation, intent
**Notes:** Fedwiki journal travels with page; shard-wiki coordination journal +
per-shard history. Frictionless reuse principle (~15s not ~15min).
**Priority:** Later
### UC-30 — Time-bounded collaboration space
**Actor:** Facilitator
**Goal:** Run a collaboration period on a dedicated information space or shard
subset, then archive it while allowing selective carry-forward.
**Source:** federation
**Notes:** Fedwiki "happening"; lifecycle is configurable policy, not a hard-
coded core behavior. Relates to UC-28.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-31 — Subscribe to remote shard changes
**Actor:** Maintainer or reader
**Goal:** Receive timely notice when pages change on attached remote shards,
triggering projection refresh or reconciliation review.
**Source:** federation, intent
**Notes:** ikiwiki pinger/pingee; ActivityPub Create/Update; polling fallback.
Transport is adapter concern; freshness surfaced in UC-24.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-32 — Transclude remote span with live freshness
**Actor:** Author or reader
**Goal:** Embed a portion of a remote page inline with visible origin and
refreshable content.
**Source:** federation, intent
**Notes:** Xanadu transclusion pattern; stronger than UC-03 whole-page
projection. Provenance and staleness must be explicit.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-33 — Git-branch an information space
**Actor:** Maintainer
**Goal:** Fork the coordination journal and attached shard configuration into a
divergent information space without destroying the original.
**Source:** federation, intent
**Notes:** ikiwiki wiki-branch pattern; Git-backed coordination per INTENT.
Space-level fork — distinct from UC-26 page-level fork.
**Priority:** Later
---
## B. Knowledge work and collaboration
*Patterns from c2 social conventions and yawex authoring workflows.*
### UC-08 — Quick idea capture
**Actor:** Contributor
**Goal:** Capture a thought as a page and link to related pages, including ones
that do not exist yet.
**Source:** c2
**Notes:** c2 *incremental* and *open* design principles; Wiki = "quick web."
Markdown-first wikilink/red-link extension (yawex TRANSFORM) applies.
**Priority:** MVP
### UC-09 — Sandbox first edit
**Actor:** New contributor
**Goal:** Learn editing mechanics in a safe sandbox without affecting production
pages.
**Source:** c2
**Notes:** c2 `WikiWikiSandbox`, `WelcomeVisitors` onboarding path.
**Priority:** MVP
### UC-10 — Discussion to consensus document
**Actor:** Contributor (often acting as WikiMaster)
**Goal:** Refine a ThreadMode conversation into an unsigned DocumentMode page
that reflects community consensus.
**Source:** c2
**Notes:** ADD / EDIT / SPLIT / CAPTURE thread contributions; prefer rewrite
over stacked clarifications (`DocumentMode`, `GoodStyle`). Mechanism in core
vs reference UI TBD.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-11 — Distill experience into reusable knowledge
**Actor:** Practitioner
**Goal:** Turn field notes, threads, or project experience into durable,
reusable artifacts (patterns, methods, checklists).
**Source:** c2, yawex
**Notes:** c2 `PatternMode`, PPR "People, Projects & Patterns"; yawex blueprint
pages (UC-15). Not an encyclopedia (`WikiIsNotWikipedia`).
**Priority:** Later
### UC-12 — Practitioner field notes
**Actor:** Contributor
**Goal:** Maintain informal, subjective programming and project history that is
explicitly work-in-progress.
**Source:** c2
**Notes:** `InformalHistoryOfProgrammingIdeas`, `WorkInProgress`. Complements
UC-11; distinct from reference-grade documentation in `docs/` or `spec/`.
**Priority:** MVP
### UC-13 — Community presence
**Actor:** Visitor
**Goal:** Signal participation and discover who is active in the information
space.
**Source:** c2
**Notes:** c2 `RecentVisitors`, `PeopleIndex`. Optional attribution at L1+
(`ArchitectureBlueprint` L1 Attributed mode).
**Priority:** Later
### UC-14 — Self-curating knowledge base
**Actor:** Community
**Goal:** Improve collective quality through open editing, refactoring, and
convergent deduplication rather than gatekeeping.
**Source:** c2
**Notes:** `WhyWikiWorks`, `RefactorDontDelete`, `Convergent` design principle.
shard-wiki adds Git history as structural safety net beyond social norms.
**Priority:** MVP
### UC-15 — Create page from blueprint
**Actor:** Author
**Goal:** Instantiate a new page or topic structure from a template, duplicating
an agreed layout or subtree.
**Source:** yawex
**Notes:** yawex blueprint pages. Distinct from UC-08 (blank capture) and UC-10
(refactoring existing discussion).
**Priority:** Later
### UC-16 — Append or comment without full edit
**Actor:** Author
**Goal:** Add material to a page without replacing the entire body — lightweight
patch, comment, or append workflow.
**Source:** yawex, c2
**Notes:** yawex append/comment; c2 ThreadMode ADD. Maps to overlay model (UC-04)
for read-only/remote shards; direct append where adapter allows.
**Priority:** Later
---
## C. Discovery and navigation
*Derived views and browse patterns from c2 and yawex.*
### UC-17 — Change radar
**Actor:** Reader or maintainer
**Goal:** See what changed recently across pages and who changed it.
**Source:** c2, yawex
**Notes:** c2 `RecentChanges`, `QuickChanges`, `RecentChangesJunkie`; yawex
`RecentChanges` core page. Union scope in UC-05; this UC covers the user need
at any scope.
**Priority:** MVP
### UC-18 — BackLinks navigation
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** Find pages that link to the current page.
**Source:** c2, yawex
**Notes:** Link-graph query. Strong core candidate for federated union (UC-05).
**Priority:** Later
### UC-19 — All pages and site map browse
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** Survey the full page inventory or hierarchical site structure.
**Source:** c2, yawex
**Notes:** yawex `AllPages`, `SiteMap` core pages; c2 `WikiList`, categories,
`RoadMaps`. Namespace/path model affects presentation (UC-22).
**Priority:** Later
### UC-20 — Full-text search
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** Find pages by content keyword or phrase.
**Source:** c2, yawex
**Notes:** yawex `SearchPage`; c2 `FindPage`, `SearchHelper`. Core vs
adapter-provided indexing TBD.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-21 — Serendipitous browse
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** Discover unexpected relevant pages without a specific search target.
**Source:** c2
**Notes:** `RandomPages`, `VisualTour`, `LikePages`, `StartingPoints`.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-22 — Namespace and path navigation
**Actor:** Reader or author
**Goal:** Resolve and navigate pages using relative (`../`), absolute (`/`), and
normalized paths within a topic hierarchy.
**Source:** yawex
**Notes:** yawex topics-as-directories; page-resolution state space is
inspiration only for federation design (not inherited as API).
**Priority:** Later
### UC-23 — Soft topic creation via red link
**Actor:** Author
**Goal:** Follow a link to a nonexistent page and create it on first write.
**Source:** c2, yawex
**Notes:** c2 `PageName?`; yawex red-`?` link semantics. TRANSFORM to
CommonMark wikilink + red-link extension.
**Priority:** MVP
---
## D. Provenance and page metadata
*yawex `Page::info` and c2 attribution norms.*
### UC-24 — Inspect page provenance
**Actor:** Reader
**Goal:** See source shard, modification time, freshness, editor attribution,
edit count, and whether the page has local overlays or diverges elsewhere.
**Source:** yawex, c2, intent
**Notes:** yawex `Page::info`; c2 optional `UserName` signing. INTENT explicit
provenance principle.
**Priority:** Later
### UC-25 — Collaborative glossary and precise naming
**Actor:** Community
**Goal:** Build a shared vocabulary of precise page titles and linked terms that
reduce ambiguity across the information space.
**Source:** c2, yawex
**Notes:** c2 flat namespace + `WikiWord` / `Precise` principle; yawex
CamelCase and `[[free links]]`. Markdown-first link semantics TBD.
**Priority:** Later
---
## Traceability
| UC | c2 research | yawex research | federation research | INTENT |
|----|-------------|----------------|---------------------|--------|
| UC-01 | ✓ | | | ✓ |
| UC-02 | | ✓ | | ✓ |
| UC-03 | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-04 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-05 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-06 | | ✓ | | ✓ |
| UC-07 | | | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-26 | | | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-27 | | | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-28 | | | ✓ | |
| UC-29 | | | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-30 | | | ✓ | |
| UC-31 | | | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-32 | | | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-33 | | | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-08 | ✓ | | |
| UC-09 | ✓ | | |
| UC-10 | ✓ | | |
| UC-11 | ✓ | ✓ | |
| UC-12 | ✓ | | |
| UC-13 | ✓ | | |
| UC-14 | ✓ | | ✓ |
| UC-15 | | ✓ | |
| UC-16 | ✓ | ✓ | |
| UC-17 | ✓ | ✓ | |
| UC-18 | ✓ | ✓ | |
| UC-19 | ✓ | ✓ | |
| UC-20 | ✓ | ✓ | |
| UC-21 | ✓ | | |
| UC-22 | | ✓ | |
| UC-23 | ✓ | ✓ | |
| UC-24 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| UC-25 | ✓ | ✓ | |
### c2 synthesis mapping
| Research ID | Catalog UC |
|-------------|------------|
| UC-C2-01 Quick idea capture | UC-08 |
| UC-C2-02 Collaborative glossary | UC-25 |
| UC-C2-03 Discussion → consensus doc | UC-10 |
| UC-C2-04 Pattern mining | UC-11 |
| UC-C2-05 Community guest book | UC-13 |
| UC-C2-06 Change radar | UC-17 |
| UC-C2-07 Self-curating knowledge base | UC-14 |
| UC-C2-08 Sandbox learning | UC-09 |
| UC-C2-09 Serendipitous browse | UC-21 |
| UC-C2-10 Practitioner field notes | UC-12 |
| UC-C2-11 Team memory for methods | UC-11, UC-12 |
| UC-C2-12 Soft creation of missing topics | UC-23 |
### yawex KEEP mapping
| yawex KEEP item | Catalog UC |
|-----------------|------------|
| Derived views (BackLinks, RecentChanges, AllPages, SiteMap, Search) | UC-05, UC-17UC-20 |
| Topic = namespace hierarchy | UC-22 |
| Append/comment workflow | UC-04, UC-16 |
| Blueprint pages | UC-15 |
| Provenance hooks | UC-24 |
| Page classes (local/global/virtual) | UC-02, UC-03 (shard roles) |
| Wikilink / red-link semantics | UC-08, UC-23, UC-25 |
### federation research mapping
| Research ID (findings §7) | Catalog UC |
|---------------------------|------------|
| UC-FED-01 Fork page from remote shard | UC-26 |
| UC-FED-02 View multiple versions of equivalent page | UC-27 |
| UC-FED-03 Carry forward from closed/archived shard | UC-28 |
| UC-FED-04 Remix with portable attribution | UC-29 |
| UC-FED-05 Time-bounded collaboration space | UC-30 |
| UC-FED-06 Subscribe to remote shard changes | UC-31 |
| UC-FED-07 Transclude remote span | UC-32 |
| UC-FED-08 Git-branch information space | UC-33 |
---
## Open questions
1. Which UC items are **MVP for L0 standalone** vs requiring federation or L2+?
2. Which derived views (UC-05, UC-17UC-20) are **core orchestrator** vs
**adapter-provided**?
3. Do c2 collaboration patterns (UC-10, UC-14) belong in **core**, **reference
UI**, or **`wiki/` social convention** only?
4. Should UC-12 and `WikiIsNotWikipedia` be elevated into
`ProductRequirementsDocument.md` as explicit product identity?
5. Which federation UCs (UC-26UC-33) are **MVP** vs deferred until
`SHARD-WP-0002` architecture decisions land?
6. Does UC-32 (transclusion) belong in core orchestrator or adapter/UI layer?

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@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
---
id: SHARD-WP-0002
type: workplan
title: "federation architecture design"
domain: whynot
repo: shard-wiki
status: active
owner: tegwick
topic_slug: whynot
created: "2026-06-08"
updated: "2026-06-08"
depends_on:
- SHARD-WP-0001
---
# SHARD-WP-0002 — Federation architecture design
## Goal
Produce a **federation architecture specification** for shard-wiki: positioning
against prior art (Federated Wiki, git-backed wikis, ActivityPub), documented
**decisions and tradeoffs**, and ADR-ready design notes that resolve the open
questions raised by `research/260608-federation-concepts/` and UseCaseCatalog
UC-26UC-33.
Primary deliverable: `spec/FederationArchitecture.md` (created and filled by
this workplan's tasks).
## Context
- Research: `research/260608-federation-concepts/findings.md`
- Use cases: `spec/UseCaseCatalog.md` § A (UC-26UC-33)
- Aspiration: `INTENT.md` (orchestrator, not engine; mechanism over policy)
- Related workplan: `SHARD-WP-0001` (page resolution, namespaces, overlays,
provenance — federation architecture must align with, not duplicate, those
outputs)
**Non-goal:** Implement federation. This workplan produces architecture and
decision records only.
## Decision topics (overview)
| Topic | Key tradeoff | Primary UCs |
|-------|--------------|-------------|
| Orchestrator positioning | Adapter layer vs fedwiki-style homogeneous network | UC-02, UC-26 |
| Remix primitives | Fork vs overlay vs import vs link-only | UC-04, UC-26, UC-29 |
| Equivalent page identity | Title/path/alias/graph matching; chorus vs canonical | UC-27, UC-07 |
| History model | Per-shard journal vs Git coordination journal vs both | UC-29, UC-33 |
| Union composition | Server orchestrator vs client composition | UC-05, UC-27 |
| Change notification | Git ping, ActivityPub, poll — adapter transports | UC-31 |
| Space lifecycle | Permanent vs ephemeral; archive and carry-forward | UC-28, UC-30 |
| Transclusion depth | Whole-page projection vs inline span | UC-03, UC-32 |
| Consensus presets | Spread, merge, designated canonical — policy not core | UC-07, UC-27 |
| Capability matrix | Which federation ops require which adapter capabilities | UC-02UC-07 |
---
## Architecture positioning and boundaries
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T1
status: todo
priority: high
```
Write the opening sections of `spec/FederationArchitecture.md`:
- shard-wiki as **orchestration layer** over heterogeneous shards (contrast
Federated Wiki homogeneous JSON sites, ikiwiki homogeneous git wikis,
ActivityPub activity streams).
- Explicit **compare, do not equate** mapping from federation research §6.
- Architectural boundaries: what core owns vs adapters vs UI vs policy config.
- Relationship to `SHARD-WP-0001` outputs (resolution, namespaces, overlays).
**Tradeoffs to document:** Central Git coordination journal vs fully
decentralized peer sync; browser-composed union vs server-side orchestrator for
agents/CLI.
---
## Remix primitives: fork, overlay, import, reference
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T2
status: todo
priority: high
```
Define when each remix primitive applies and how they interact:
| Primitive | Typical trigger | Writes to remote? |
|-----------|-----------------|-------------------|
| **Reference** | Link only | No |
| **Projection** | Read remote page | No (cache optional) |
| **Overlay** | Edit read-only shard | No until explicit apply |
| **Import / fork** | Copy into writable shard | Source unchanged |
Resolve federation research open question #1. Cover capability-limited shards
(read-only, no diff/merge). Map to UC-26, UC-04, UC-29.
**Tradeoffs:** Fedwiki fork-as-default vs overlay-before-mutation; copy cost
and attribution portability vs link-only federation.
---
## Equivalent page identity and multi-version presentation
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T3
status: todo
priority: high
```
Specify how shard-wiki identifies "the same topic" across shards:
- Matching signals: normalized title, path, explicit alias table, link-graph
equivalence, manual curator binding.
- Presentation: chorus-of-voices (UC-27) vs designated canonical (policy).
- Link to UC-07 divergence detection and reconciliation triggers.
**Tradeoffs:** Automatic matching false positives vs manual curation burden;
showing all versions vs default canonical with alternates visible.
---
## History, attribution, and coordination journal
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T4
status: todo
priority: high
```
Define how edit history and attribution flow across federation operations:
- Per-shard revision model (Git commit, engine history, fedwiki-style journal
where applicable).
- Information-space **coordination journal** role for cross-shard operations
(fork, import, reconcile, space branch).
- Portable attribution requirements for UC-29 (frictionless remix).
**Tradeoffs:** Fedwiki journal-per-page vs Git-only; duplication of history vs
reconstructibility from coordination journal; storage cost of embedded media on
import.
---
## Union composition layer
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T5
status: todo
priority: medium
```
Decide where the **union view** is assembled:
- Orchestrator API (server-side graph for agents, CI, non-browser clients).
- Optional client-side composition (fedwiki-style browser pull) as a consumer
pattern, not the only path.
- Caching, freshness, and invalidation interaction with UC-03, UC-05, UC-31.
**Tradeoffs:** Single composition point (simpler provenance) vs distributed
composition (fedwiki resilience); cache staleness vs live-pull latency.
---
## Change notification and subscription transports
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T6
status: todo
priority: medium
```
Specify change-notification as an **optional adapter capability**:
- Transports: git hook / pinger (ikiwiki), ActivityPub Create/Update (XWiki),
WebDAV ETag, polling fallback.
- What a subscription triggers: projection refresh, reconciliation queue,
RecentChanges union entry (UC-31, UC-17).
- Out-of-scope vs in-scope for v1.
**Tradeoffs:** Push freshness vs implementation complexity; ActivityPub as
notification-only vs content-bearing share; dependency on external fediverse
infrastructure.
---
## Information space lifecycle
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T7
status: todo
priority: medium
```
Model lifecycle states for root entities / information spaces:
- Active, read-only archived, retired (detached), merged-into-successor.
- Carry-forward workflow (UC-28, UC-30): selective import from archived shard.
- Space-level fork / branch (UC-33): coordination journal + shard config branch.
**Tradeoffs:** First-class ephemeral "happenings" vs permanent spaces only;
automatic archive vs manual; whether retirement deletes projections or preserves
read-only union entries.
---
## Transclusion and projection depth
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T8
status: todo
priority: medium
```
Distinguish projection levels:
| Level | UC | Behavior |
|-------|-----|----------|
| Whole-page projection | UC-03 | Lazy full page from remote shard |
| Block/span transclusion | UC-32 | Inline embed with origin + freshness |
| Link reference | UC-08 | Pointer only |
Define provenance display requirements and staleness semantics for UC-32.
Reference Xanadu transclusion patterns without adopting unbuilt Xanadu scope.
**Tradeoffs:** Live transclusion fragility (link rot, remote down) vs snapshot
on import; core orchestrator support vs Markdown extension + adapter.
---
## Consensus and reconciliation policy catalog
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T9
status: todo
priority: medium
```
Document **configurable policy presets** (mechanism over policy):
- Fedwiki-spread (versions coexist; popularity implicit).
- Designated canonical shard (explicit write target).
- Git-merge reconciliation (ikiwiki-style).
- Overlay-only (no destructive merge on read-only sources).
- Vote-to-merge / editorial gate (optional, UI-layer).
Map presets to UC-07, UC-27. Core provides primitives; policy selects preset.
**Tradeoffs:** Default policy for L0 open mode vs team mode; exposing conflicts
vs auto-merge when backends support it.
---
## Federation operations capability matrix
```task
id: SHARD-WP-0002-T10
status: todo
priority: medium
```
Produce a capability matrix: which federation operations require which adapter
capabilities (read, write, diff, merge, lock, version, publish, notify,
transclude-source).
Cross-check against INTENT capability-aware adapters principle. Identify
graceful degradation paths for limited backends (read-only participant,
projection-only, patch target).
Feeds `spec/TechnicalSpecificationDocument.md` adapter contract section.
---
## Acceptance criteria
- `spec/FederationArchitecture.md` exists with all ten topic sections and an
explicit **decisions / deferred / open** table per topic.
- Each decision honors INTENT: mechanism over policy, union without erasure,
overlay before mutation, no silent remote mutation, shard sovereignty.
- UC-26UC-33 are traceable to architecture sections.
- Conflicts or dependencies on `SHARD-WP-0001` outputs are listed (e.g.
namespace model affects equivalent-page identity).
- `SHARD-WP-0001` and `SHARD-WP-0002` can proceed in parallel where topics
are independent; merge conflicts in spec are resolved before implementation
workplan starts.
## Suggested task order
1. T1 positioning (frames everything)
2. T2 remix primitives + T3 equivalent identity (parallel)
3. T4 history model
4. T5 composition + T6 notification (parallel)
5. T7 lifecycle + T8 transclusion (parallel)
6. T9 policy catalog + T10 capability matrix (parallel, finalize doc)