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Add commercial-identity-nuance-settlement.md resolving control_basis, binding_trigger, cross-registry Synonymity strengths, OPI branch modeling, escrow commitment type, reputation portability, payment edge cases, CRM renewal rules, Person Account adapters, and eIDAS wallet scope. Update canon, OpenQuestions, and all commercial-identity source notes.
102 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
102 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
# eIDAS and EUDI Wallet for Legal Persons
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## Source Type
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Regulatory framework and industry analysis. EU eIDAS Regulation, eIDAS 2.0 / EUDI
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Wallet, European Business Wallet (organizational wallet) initiatives.
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## Domain
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EU digital identity, qualified trust services, legal person credentials, and
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cross-border commercial trust.
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## Why This Source Matters
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eIDAS bridges **legal identity** and **commercial trust** at EU scale: electronic
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signatures, seals, timestamps, and (via EUDI) wallets for natural and **legal
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persons** carrying verifiable credentials for B2B and B2G exchange.
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## Key Concepts
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- **eIDAS**: EU regulation for electronic identification and trust services.
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- **eID (electronic identification)**: national schemes with mutual recognition.
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- **Qualified trust services**: legally recognized signatures, seals, timestamps, etc.
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- **Electronic seal**: legal-entity counterpart to personal e-signature.
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- **EUDI Wallet**: European Digital Identity Wallet for citizens (eIDAS 2.0).
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- **Organizational / legal person wallet**: extension for companies (EUBW discourse).
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- **Verifiable credential (EU context)**: credentials in wallet (licenses, compliance certs).
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- **Transient trust**: real-time verified trust between unknown parties via credentials.
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- **KYB/KYS**: Know Your Business / Supplier via registry-sourced credentials.
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- **Delegation of rights**: organizational members present credentials on behalf of legal person.
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- **Authorization chains**: parent-subsidiary credential issuance hierarchies.
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## Relevant Terminology
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| Term | Source meaning |
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| --- | --- |
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| eIDAS | EU trust framework regulation. |
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| Qualified signature/seal | Highest assurance trust service. |
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| Legal person | Company or organization under law. |
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| EUDI Wallet | EU digital identity wallet. |
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| Organizational wallet | Wallet for legal person credentials. |
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| Electronic seal | Entity-level signing mechanism. |
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| Trust service provider | TSP issuing qualified services. |
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| Verifiable credential | Attested claim in wallet. |
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## Modeling Assumptions
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- **Natural person and legal person wallets differ materially** — org wallets need
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delegation, hierarchy, API integration, higher volume.
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- **Legal person acts through representatives** with scoped credentials (aligns with agency law).
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- **Qualified services carry legal equivalence** to paper in EU cross-border context.
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- **Registry-sourced credentials** (e.g., company register) anchor commercial identity to authority.
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- **Commercial binding increases** when seals/signatures and compliance credentials are used.
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- **Citizen wallet stack cannot be naively copied** for organizational use cases.
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## Identity-Canon Implications
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- Legal person wallet maps to **Organization/Legal Entity** + **Commercial Record** +
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**Credential** (qualified seal) + **Claim** set.
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- Representative presenting org credential maps to **Representation Relationship**
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with scoped **Delegation**.
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- Registry-issued credential maps to **Claim** with government **Evidence Source**.
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- Transient trust maps to **Trust Relationship** established at transaction time with
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VC/qualified credential evidence.
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- Supports user thesis: commercial credentials make identity **relevant and durable**
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to counterparties across borders.
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- Pairwise/pseudonymous identity insufficient for qualified seal; commercial binding
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requires legal person resolution.
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## Terminology Conflicts
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- **Legal person (civil law)** vs. **Legal Entity (canon)**: legal person includes natural persons.
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- **Digital identity (eIDAS)** vs. **Identity Record**: assured ID vs. directory record.
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- **Trust service** vs. **Trust Relationship**: regulatory service vs. canon relationship.
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## Candidate Canonical Mappings
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| eIDAS/EUDI concept | Candidate canonical concept |
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| --- | --- |
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| Legal person | Organization / Legal Entity |
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| Organizational wallet | Commercial Record + Credential store (Scope) |
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| Electronic seal | Credential (entity signing) |
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| Qualified certificate | Credential + Assurance Level |
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| Member presenter | Natural Person + Representation |
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| Registry credential | Claim + authoritative Evidence Source |
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| KYB/KYS process | Commercial Relationship onboarding |
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| Authorization chain | Delegation + org hierarchy Relationships |
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## Open Questions
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*(none — settled in `commercial-identity-nuance-settlement.md`)*
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## Settled
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- Qualified seal → **Credential** `credential_type: qualified_seal` via Representation.
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- Org wallet → **Scope** `wallet_scope`, linked to Commercial Record — not Tenant.
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## References
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- EU eIDAS Regulation — https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/eidas-regulation
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- EU EUDI Regulation — https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/eudi-regulation
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- Spherity, EUDI Wallet for legal persons — https://www.spherity.com/post/the-european-busienss-wallet-eubw-and-legal-person-identity-redefining-trust-in-the-eu-s-digital |