generated from coulomb/repo-seed
tegwick
08361f6fb7
Add commercial-identity-nuance-settlement.md resolving control_basis, binding_trigger, cross-registry Synonymity strengths, OPI branch modeling, escrow commitment type, reputation portability, payment edge cases, CRM renewal rules, Person Account adapters, and eIDAS wallet scope. Update canon, OpenQuestions, and all commercial-identity source notes.
91 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
91 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
# DUNS and Commercial Credit Identity
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## Source Type
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Industry registry. Dun & Bradstreet Data Universal Numbering System (D-U-N-S).
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## Domain
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Commercial credit, vendor onboarding, procurement identity, and business verification.
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## Why This Source Matters
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DUNS predates LEI as a global commercial identifier for **business entities** in
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trade and credit. It ties identity to **creditworthiness and payment behavior**
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(PAYDEX), illustrating how commercial activity creates durable, high-stakes identity
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interest among counterparties.
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## Key Concepts
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- **DUNS number**: nine-digit proprietary identifier for a business location/entity.
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- **D&B database**: 300M+ business records; global trade and procurement usage.
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- **Business entity**: company or location receiving DUNS; not a natural person.
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- **PAYDEX score**: D&B payment performance score (credit behavior).
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- **Credit file**: aggregated commercial history attributed to DUNS.
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- **Government procurement**: historically required DUNS (US); migrated to SAM UEI.
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- **UEI (Unique Entity Identifier)**: US federal successor identifier in SAM.gov.
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- **ISO/IEC 6523 ICD 0060**: standard representation for DUNS in ISO identifiers.
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## Relevant Terminology
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| Term | Source meaning |
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| --- | --- |
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| DUNS / D-U-N-S | D&B business identifier. |
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| Business entity | Company or site in D&B registry. |
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| PAYDEX | Payment performance score. |
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| Credit file | Commercial history record. |
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| UEI | US government unique entity ID (SAM.gov). |
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| Vendor onboarding | Procurement verification using DUNS/UEI. |
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| Headquarters vs. branch | Separate DUNS per distinct business location. |
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## Modeling Assumptions
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- **Commercial identity serves credit and procurement**, not authentication.
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- **Payment history feeds reputation** attributable to identifier.
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- **Multiple national ID schemes** (DUNS, UEI, LEI, VAT, company reg) coexist; linking
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requires Synonymity Assertion or registry crosswalk.
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- **Identifier assignment is vendor-operated** (D&B), not self-asserted.
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- **Commercial counterparties rely on DUNS** for risk decisions beyond bare legal existence.
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## Identity-Canon Implications
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- DUNS maps to **Proxy Commercial Identifier** (`scheme: 0060`,
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`authority_class: commercial_proxy`) on **Commercial Record** / **Organization**.
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- PAYDEX and credit file map to **Evidence Source** influencing **Trust Relationship**
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and counterparty risk.
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- UEI maps to **Identifier** (government authoritative) on Commercial Record.
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- Illustrates user thesis: once credit exposure exists, identity becomes **economically
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binding** and **reputationally persistent**.
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- Link to LEI via Synonymity Assertion when same legal entity holds both.
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## Terminology Conflicts
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- **DUNS** vs. **LEI**: credit/procurement vs. financial regulatory identifier.
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- **Business entity (D&B)** vs. **Tenant**: vendor record ≠ SaaS isolation.
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- **Customer (credit)** vs. **Customer (role)**: credit customer vs. relationship role.
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## Candidate Canonical Mappings
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| D&B / procurement concept | Candidate canonical concept |
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| --- | --- |
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| DUNS number | Proxy Commercial Identifier (ICD 0060) |
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| D&B business record | Commercial Record |
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| PAYDEX | Evidence Source (credit performance) |
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| UEI | Identifier (government registry) |
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| Vendor onboarding check | Trust Relationship + Evidence Source |
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| Parent/branch linkage | Organization structure Relationship |
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## Open Questions
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*(none — settled in `commercial-identity-nuance-settlement.md`)*
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## Settled
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- PAYDEX → Performance Evidence; `numeric_score` optional; tier enum primary.
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- LEI↔DUNS Synonymity default **medium**.
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## References
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- Dun & Bradstreet DUNS — https://www.dnb.com/duns-number.html
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- Wikipedia, Data Universal Numbering System — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Universal_Numbering_System
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- GSA Unique Entity Identifier — https://www.gsa.gov/about-us/organization/federal-acquisition-service/fas-initiatives/integrated-award-environment/iae-systems-information-kit/unique-entity-identifier-update |